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Mary Joan Jay DeFeo (March 31, 1929 – November 11, 1989) was a visual artist associated with the Beat generation who worked c.1950-1989 in the San Francisco Bay Area. ==Life and work== Born Mary Joan DeFeo in Hanover, New Hampshire, she came to be known as 'Jay' in high school in San Jose, California. She found a mentor in her high school art teacher, and in 1946 enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley. She earned her BA in 1950 and her MA in 1951, both from University of California, Berkeley.〔("Jay DeFeo: About this artist" ) The Whitney Museum of American Art, Retrieved 14 April 2014.〕 She resisted what she called 'the hierarchy of materials', using plaster and mixing media to experiment with effects, a thread one can see running through the art of that time, especially on the West Coast. She had been exposed to North American native art in her Berkeley studies, thanks to Margaret Peterson O'Hagan; while in France and England she studied African and prehistoric art in Paris and London libraries. After her brief time working in Paris and London, she traveled in Europe and North Africa, and for 6 months worked in Florence, where she started to find her own kind of imagery.〔("Chronology" ) The Jay DeFeo Trust, Retrieved 14 April 2014.〕 Upon returning to Berkeley she rented an apartment where she continued her exploration with image and materials. In the mid-1950s, she supported herself by making and selling jewelry.〔Nichols, Matthew. ("Beyond the Rose" ) ''Art in America'', Retrieved 14 April 2014.〕 She met Wally Hedrick, a student at the California College of Arts and Crafts, whom she married in 1954 and divorced in 1969.〔''()'', Goldberg, Lee, di Rosa Artist Interview Series: Wally Hedrick, 2009, p. 18〕 Hedrick, Deborah Remington, Hayward King, David Simpson, John Allen Ryan and Jack Spicer founded the ''Six Gallery'' at 3119 Fillmore St in San Francisco, on the location of the King Ubu Gallery, which had been run by Jess and Robert Duncan. Joan Brown, Manuel Neri, and Bruce Conner would become associates of the Six Gallery. DeFeo was present when Allen Ginsberg first read his poem ''Howl'' at the famous Six Gallery reading in 1955.〔Cotter, Holland. (" 'Jay DeFeo - A Retrospective' at The Whitney" ) ''The New York Times'', Retrieved 14 April 2014.〕 In 1959, DeFeo became an original member of Bruce Conner's Rat Bastard Protective Association 〔Its members included Jay DeFeo, Michael McClure, Manuel Neri and Joan Brown. See Rebecca Solnit, ‘Heretical Constellations: Notes on California, 1946–61’, in Sussman, ed., Beat Culture and the New America, 69–122, especially 71.〕 In 1959 DeFeo was included in Dorothy Canning Miller's seminal exhibition ''Sixteen Americans'' at the Museum of Modern Art, alongside Jasper Johns, Ellsworth Kelly, Robert Rauschenberg, Frank Stella, and Louise Nevelson.〔 Following this she had a solo exhibition at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles.〔 Her most well-known painting, ''The Rose'' (1958–66), took almost eight years to create and weighs more than one ton.〔Farago, Jason. ("Jay DeFeo" ) ''Frieze'', Retrieved 14 April 2014.〕 The painting is so large that it had to be removed by a forklift from her apartment.〔 The making of ''The Rose'' was documented in a short film by Bruce Connor entitled ''THE WHITE ROSE'' (1967).〔Traps, Yevgeniya. ("Romance of the Rose: On Jay DeFeo" ) ''The Paris Review'', Retrieved 14 April 2014.〕 After finishing ''The Rose'' in 1966, DeFeo took a four-year break from creating art.〔 Throughout her four decades of making art, DeFeo worked extensively making drawings, paintings on paper, photographs, photocopies, collages, photo collages and paintings. In 1980 she became a professor on the faculty of Mills College.〔 In April 1988 Jay DeFeo was diagnosed with lung cancer.〔 She died on November 11, 1989 at the age of 60.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jay DeFeo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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